Ham License Flash Cards
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Extra Class Exam Question Pool
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When using a transceiver that displays the carrier frequency of phone signals, which of the following displayed frequencies will result in a normal USB emission being within the band?
When using a transceiver that displays the carrier frequency of phone signals, which of the following displayed frequencies will result in a normal LSB emission being within the band?
With your transceiver displaying the carrier frequency of phone signals, you hear a DX station's CQ on 14.349 MHz USB. Is it legal to return the call using upper sideband on the same frequency?
With your transceiver displaying the carrier frequency of phone signals, you hear a DX station's CQ on 3.601 MHz LSB. Is it legal to return the call using lower sideband on the same frequency?
Which is the only amateur band that does not permit the transmission of phone or image emissions?
What is the maximum power output permitted on the 60 meter band?
What is the only amateur band where transmission on specific channels rather than a range of frequencies is permitted?
What is the only emission type permitted to be transmitted on the 60 meter band by an amateur station?
Which frequency bands contain at least one segment authorized only to control operators holding an Amateur Extra Class operator license?
If a station in a message forwarding system inadvertently forwards a message that is in violation of FCC rules, who is primarily accountable for the rules violation?
What is the first action you should take if your digital message forwarding station inadvertently forwards a communication that violates FCC rules?
If an amateur station is installed on board a ship or aircraft, what condition must be met before the station is operated?
When a US-registered vessel is in international waters, what type of FCC-issued license or permit is required to transmit amateur communications from an on-board amateur transmitter?
Which of the following constitutes a spurious emission?
Which of the following factors might cause the physical location of an amateur station apparatus or antenna structure to be restricted?
Within what distance must an amateur station protect an FCC monitoring facility from harmful interference?
What must be done before placing an amateur station within an officially designated wilderness area or wildlife preserve, or an area listed in the National Register of Historical Places?
What height restrictions apply to an amateur station antenna structure not close to a public use airport unless the FAA is notified and it is registered with the FCC?
Which of the following additional rules apply if you are installing an amateur station antenna at a site within 20,000 feet of a public use airport?
Whose approval is required before erecting an amateur station antenna located at or near a public use airport if the antenna would exceed a certain height depending upon the antenna's distance from the nearest active runway?
On what frequencies may the operation of an amateur station be restricted if its emissions cause interference to the reception of a domestic broadcast station on a receiver of good engineering design?
What is the Radio Amateur Civil Emergency Service (RACES)?
Which amateur stations may be operated in RACES?
What frequencies are normally authorized to an amateur station participating in RACES?
What are the frequencies authorized to an amateur station participating in RACES during a period when the President's War Emergency Powers are in force?
What communications are permissible in RACES?
What is a remotely controlled station?
What is meant by automatic control of a station?
How do the control operator responsibilities of a station under automatic control differ from one under local control?
When may an automatically controlled station retransmit third party communications?
When may an automatically controlled station originate third party communications?
Which of the following statements concerning remotely controlled amateur stations is true?
What is meant by local control?
What is the maximum permissible duration of a remotely controlled station's transmissions if its control link malfunctions?
Which of these frequencies are available for automatically controlled ground-station repeater operation?
What types of amateur stations may automatically retransmit the radio signals of other amateur stations?
What is the definition of the term telemetry?
What is the amateur-satellite service?
What is a telecommand station in the amateur satellite service?
What is an Earth station in the amateur satellite service?
What class of licensee is authorized to be the control operator of a space station?
Which of the following special provisions must a space station incorporate in order to comply with space station requirements?
Which amateur service HF bands have frequencies authorized to space stations?
Which VHF amateur service bands have frequencies available for space stations?
Which amateur service UHF bands have frequencies available for a space station?
Which amateur stations are eligible to be telecommand stations?
Which amateur stations are eligible to operate as Earth stations?
Who must be notified before launching an amateur space station?
What is the minimum number of qualified VEs required to administer an Element 4 amateur operator license examination?
Where are the questions for all written US amateur license examinations listed?
Who is responsible for maintaining the question pools from which all amateur license examination questions must be taken?
What is a Volunteer Examiner Coordinator?
What is a VE?
What is a VE team?
Which of the following persons seeking to become VEs cannot be accredited?
Which of the following best describes the Volunteer Examiner accreditation process?
Where must the VE team be while administering an examination?
Who is responsible for the proper conduct and necessary supervision during an amateur operator license examination session?
What should a VE do if a candidate fails to comply with the examiner's instructions during an amateur operator license examination?
To which of the following examinees may a VE not administer an examination?
What may be the penalty for a VE who fraudulently administers or certifies an examination?
What must the VE team do with the examinee's test papers once they have finished the examination?
What must the VE team do if an examinee scores a passing grade on all examination elements needed for an upgrade or new license?
What must the VE team do with the application form if the examinee does not pass the exam?
What are the consequences of failing to appear for re-administration of an examination when so directed by the FCC?
For which types of out-of-pocket expenses may VEs and VECs be reimbursed?
How much reimbursement may the VE team and VEC accept for preparing, processing, administering and coordinating an examination?
What is the minimum age to be a volunteer examiner?
On what frequencies are spread spectrum transmissions permitted?
Which of the following operating arrangements allows an FCC-licensed US citizen to operate in many European countries, and alien amateurs from many European countries to operate in the US?
Which of the following operating arrangements allow an FCC-licensed US citizen and many Central and South American amateur operators to operate in each other's countries?
What does it mean if an external RF amplifier is listed on the FCC database as certificated for use in the amateur service?
Under what circumstances may a dealer sell an external RF power amplifier capable of operation below 144 MHz if it has not been granted FCC certification?
Which of the following geographic descriptions approximately describes "Line A"?
Amateur stations may not transmit in which of the following frequency segments if they are located north of Line A?
What is the National Radio Quiet Zone?
When may the control operator of a repeater accept payment for providing communication services to another party?
When may an amateur station send a message to a business?
Which of the following types of amateur-operator-to-amateur-operator communications are prohibited?
FCC-licensed amateur stations may use spread spectrum (SS) emissions to communicate under which of the following conditions?
What is the maximum transmitter power for an amateur station transmitting spread spectrum communications?
Which of the following best describes one of the standards that must be met by an external RF power amplifier if it is to qualify for a grant of FCC certification?
Who may be the control operator of an auxiliary station?
What types of communications may be transmitted to amateur stations in foreign countries?
Under what circumstances might the FCC issue a "Special Temporary Authority" (STA) to an amateur station?
What is the direction of an ascending pass for an amateur satellite?
What is the direction of a descending pass for an amateur satellite?
What is the orbital period of a satellite?
What is meant by the term "mode" as applied to an amateur radio satellite?
What do the letters in a satellite's mode designator specify?
On what band would a satellite receive signals if it were operating in
Which of the following types of signals can be relayed through a linear transponder?
What is the primary reason for satellite users to limit their transmit ERP?
What do the terms L band and S band specify with regard to satellite communications?
Why may the received signal from an amateur satellite exhibit a rapidly repeating fading effect?
What type of antenna can be used to minimize the effects of spin modulation and Faraday rotation?
What is one way to predict the location of a satellite at a given time?
What type of satellite appears to stay in one position in the sky?
What happens to a satellite's transmitted signal due to the Doppler Effect?
How many times per second is a new frame transmitted in a fast-scan (NTSC) television system?
How many horizontal lines make up a fast-scan (NTSC) television frame?
How is an interlace scanning pattern generated in a fast-scan (NTSC) television system?
What is blanking in a video signal?
Which of the following is an advantage of using vestigial sideband for standard fast scan TV transmissions?
What is vestigial sideband modulation?
What is the name of the video signal component that carries color information?
Which of the following is a common method of transmitting accompanying audio with amateur fast-scan television?
What hardware, other than a transceiver with SSB capability and a suitable computer, is needed to decode SSTV based on Digital Radio Mondiale (DRM)?
Which of the following is an acceptable bandwidth for Digital Radio Mondiale (DRM) based voice or SSTV digital transmissions made on the HF amateur bands?
What is the function of the Vertical Interval Signaling (VIS) code transmitted as part of an SSTV transmission?
How are analog slow-scan television images typically transmitted on the HF bands?
How many lines are commonly used in each frame on an amateur slow-scan color television picture?
What aspect of an amateur slow-scan television signal encodes the brightness of the picture?
What signals SSTV receiving equipment to begin a new picture line?
Which of the following is the video standard used by North American Fast Scan ATV stations?
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of FMTV (Frequency-Modulated Amateur Television) as compared to vestigial sideband AM television?
What is the approximate bandwidth of a slow-scan TV signal?
On which of the following frequencies is one likely to find FMTV transmissions?
What special operating frequency restrictions are imposed on slow scan TV transmissions?
If 100 IRE units correspond to the most-white level in the NTSC standard video format, what is the level of the most-black signal?
Which of the following is true about contest operating?
Which of the following best describes "self spotting" in regards to contest operating?
From which of the following bands is amateur radio contesting generally excluded?
On which of the following frequencies is an amateur radio contest contact generally discouraged?
Which of the following frequencies would generally be acceptable for U.S. stations to work other U.S. stations in a phone contest?
During a VHF/UHF contest, in which band segment would you expect to find the highest level of activity?
What is the Cabrillo format?
Why are received spread-spectrum signals resistant to interference?
How does the spread-spectrum technique of frequency hopping (FH) work?
Why might a phone DX station state that he is listening on another frequency?
How should you generally sign your call when attempting to contact a DX station working a "pileup" or in a contest?
In North America during low sunspot activity, when signals from Europe become weak and fluttery across an entire HF band two to three hours after sunset, what might help to contact other European DX stations?
What does "command mode" mean in packet operations?
What is the definition of "baud"?
Which of the follow is true when comparing HF and 2-meter packet operations?
What is the purpose of digital store-and-forward functions on an Amateur satellite?
Which of the following techniques is normally used by low-earth orbiting digital satellites to relay messages around the world?
Which of the following is a commonly used 2-meter APRS frequency?
Which of the following digital protocols is used by APRS?
Which of the following types of packet frames is used to transmit APRS beacon data?
Under clear communications conditions, which of these digital communications modes has the fastest data throughput?
How can an APRS station be used to help support a public service communications activity?
Which of the following data sources are needed to accurately transmit your geographical location over the APRS network?
What is a common method of transmitting data emissions below 30 MHz?
What do the letters FEC mean as they relate to digital operation?
How is Forward Error Correction implemented?
What is indicated when one of the ellipses in an FSK crossed-ellipse display suddenly disappears?
How does ARQ accomplish error correction?
What is the most common data rate used for HF packet communications?
What is the typical bandwidth of a properly modulated MFSK16 signal?
Which of the following HF digital modes can be used to transfer binary files?
Which of the following HF digital modes uses variable-length coding for bandwidth efficiency?
What is the Baudot code?
Which of these digital communications modes has the narrowest bandwidth?
What is the approximate maximum separation along the surface of the Earth between two stations communicating by moonbounce?
What characterizes libration fading of an earth-moon-earth signal?
When scheduling EME contacts, which of these conditions will generally result in the least path loss?
What type of receiving system is desirable for EME communications?
What transmit and receive time sequencing is normally used on 144 MHz when attempting an EME contact?
What transmit and receive time sequencing is normally used on 432 MHz when attempting an EME contact?
What frequency range would you normally tune to find EME stations in the 2 meter band?
What frequency range would you normally tune to find EME stations in the 70 cm band?
When a meteor strikes the Earth's atmosphere, a cylindrical region of free electrons is formed at what layer of the ionosphere?
Which range of frequencies is well suited for meteor-scatter communications?
What transmit and receive time sequencing is normally used on 144 MHz when attempting a meteor-scatter contact?
What is transequatorial propagation?
What is the approximate maximum range for signals using transequatorial propagation?
What is the best time of day for transequatorial propagation?
What type of propagation is probably occurring if an HF beam antenna must be pointed in a direction 180 degrees away from a station to receive the strongest signals?
Which amateur bands typically support long-path propagation?
Which of the following amateur bands most frequently provides long-path propagation?
Which of the following could account for hearing an echo on the received signal of a distant station?
What type of propagation is probably occurring if radio signals travel along the terminator between daylight and darkness?
At what time of day is gray-line propagation most prevalent?
What is the cause of gray-line propagation?
What communications are possible during gray-line propagation?
What effect does auroral activity have on radio communications?
What is the cause of auroral activity?
Where in the ionosphere does auroral activity occur?
Which emission mode is best for auroral propagation?
What causes selective fading?
How much farther does the VHF/UHF radio-path horizon distance exceed the geometric horizon?
How does the radiation pattern of a 3-element, horizontally polarized beam antenna vary with height above ground?
What is the name of the high-angle wave in HF propagation that travels for some distance within the F2 region?
What effect is usually responsible for propagating a VHF signal over 500 miles?
How does the performance of a horizontally polarized antenna mounted on the side of a hill compare with the same antenna mounted on flat ground?
From the contiguous 48 states, in which approximate direction should an antenna be pointed to take maximum advantage of auroral propagation?
As the frequency of a signal is increased, how does its ground wave propagation change?
What type of polarization does most ground-wave propagation have?
Why does the radio-path horizon distance exceed the geometric horizon?
How does a spectrum analyzer differ from a conventional oscilloscope?
Which of the following parameters would a typical spectrum analyzer display on the horizontal axis?
Which of the following parameters would a typical spectrum analyzer display on the vertical axis?
Which of the following test instruments is used to display spurious signals from a radio transmitter?
Which of the following test instruments is used to display intermodulation distortion products in an SSB transmission?
Which of the following could be determined with a spectrum analyzer?
Which of the following is an advantage of using an antenna analyzer vs. a SWR bridge to measure antenna SWR?
Which of the following instruments would be best for measuring the SWR of a beam antenna?
Which of the following is most important when adjusting PSK31 transmitting levels?
Which of the following is a useful test for a functioning NPN transistor in an active circuit where the transistor should be biased "on" ?
Which of the following test instruments can be used to indicate pulse conditions in a digital logic circuit?
Which of the following procedures is an important precaution to follow when connecting a spectrum analyzer to a transmitter output?
Which of the following is a characteristic of a good harmonic frequency marker?
Which of the following factors most affects the accuracy of a frequency counter?
What is an advantage of using a bridge circuit to measure impedance?
If a frequency counter with a specified accuracy of +/- 1.0 ppm reads 146,520,000 Hz, what is the most the actual frequency being measured could differ from the reading?
If a frequency counter with a specified accuracy of +/- 0.1 ppm reads 146,520,000 Hz, what is the most the actual frequency being measured could differ from the reading?
If a frequency counter with a specified accuracy of +/- 10 ppm reads 146,520,000 Hz, what is the most the actual frequency being measured could differ from the reading?
How much power is being absorbed by the load when a directional power meter connected between a transmitter and a terminating load reads 100 watts forward power and 25 watts reflected power?
Which of the following is good practice when using an oscilloscope probe?
Which of the following is a characteristic of a good DC voltmeter?
What is indicated if the current reading on an RF ammeter placed in series with the antenna feedline of a transmitter increases as the transmitter is tuned to resonance?
Which of the following describes a method to measure intermodulation distortion in an SSB transmitter?
How should a portable SWR analyzer be connected when measuring antenna resonance and feedpoint impedance?
What is the significance of voltmeter sensitivity expressed in ohms per volt?
How is the compensation of an oscilloscope probe typically adjusted?
What happens if a dip-meter is too tightly coupled to a tuned circuit being checked?
Which of these factors limits the accuracy of a D'Arsonval-type meter?
Which of the following can be used as a relative measurement of the Q for a series-tuned circuit?
What is the effect of excessive phase noise in the local oscillator section of a receiver?
Which of the following is the result of the capture effect in an FM receiver?
What is the term for the blocking of one FM phone signal by another, stronger FM phone signal?
What is meant by the noise floor of a receiver?
What does a value of -174 dBm/Hz represent with regard to the noise floor of a receiver?
The thermal noise value of a receiver is -174 dBm/Hz. What is the theoretically best minimum detectable signal for a 400 Hz bandwidth receiver?
What does the MDS of a receiver represent?
How might lowering the noise figure affect receiver performance?
Which of the following is most likely to be the limiting condition for sensitivity in a modern communications receiver operating at 14 MHz?
Which of the following is a desirable amount of selectivity for an amateur RTTY HF receiver?
Which of the following is a desirable amount of selectivity for an amateur single-sideband phone receiver?
What is an undesirable effect of using too wide a filter bandwidth in the IF section of a receiver?
How does a narrow band roofing filter affect receiver performance?
Which of these choices is a desirable amount of selectivity for an amateur VHF FM receiver?
What is the primary source of noise that can be heard from an HF-band receiver with an antenna connected?
What is meant by the blocking dynamic range of a receiver?
Which of the following describes two types of problems caused by poor dynamic range in a communications receiver?
How can intermodulation interference between two repeaters occur?
What is an effective way to reduce or eliminate intermodulation interference between two repeater transmitters operating in close proximity to one another?
If a receiver tuned to 146.70 MHz receives an intermodulation-product signal whenever a nearby transmitter transmits on 146.52 MHz, what are the two most likely frequencies for the other interfering signal?
If the signals of two transmitters mix together in one or both of their final amplifiers, and unwanted signals at the sum and difference frequencies of the original signals are generated, what is this called?
Which of the following describes the most significant effect of an off-frequency signal when it is causing cross-modulation interference to a desired signal?
What causes intermodulation in an electronic circuit?
What is the purpose of the preselector in a communications receiver?
What does a third-order intercept level of 40 dBm mean with respect to receiver performance?
Why are third-order intermodulation products within a receiver of particular interest compared to other products?
What is the term for the reduction in receiver sensitivity caused by a strong signal near the received frequency?
Which of the following can cause receiver desensitization?
Which of the following is a way to reduce the likelihood of receiver desensitization?
Which of the following types of receiver noise can often be reduced by use of a receiver noise blanker?
Which of the following types of receiver noise can often be reduced with a DSP noise filter?
Which of the following signals might a receiver noise blanker be able to remove from desired signals?
How can conducted and radiated noise caused by an automobile alternator be suppressed?
How can noise from an electric motor be suppressed?
What is a major cause of atmospheric static?
How can you determine if line-noise interference is being generated within your home?
What type of signal is picked up by electrical wiring near a radio transmitter?
What undesirable effect can occur when using an IF type noise blanker?
What is a common characteristic of interference caused by a "touch controlled" electrical device?
What is the most likely cause if you are hearing combinations of local AM broadcast signals inside one or more of the MF or HF ham bands?
What is one disadvantage of using some automatic DSP notch-filters when attempting to copy CW signals?
What might be the cause of a loud "roaring" or "buzzing" AC line type of interference that comes and goes at intervals?
What is one type of electrical interference that might be caused by the operation of a nearby personal computer?
What can cause the voltage across reactances in series to be larger than the voltage applied to them?
What is resonance in an electrical circuit?
What is the magnitude of the impedance of a series R-L-C circuit at resonance?
What is the magnitude of the impedance of a circuit with a resistor, an inductor and a capacitor all in parallel, at resonance?
What is the magnitude of the current at the input of a series R-L-C circuit as the frequency goes through resonance?
What is the magnitude of the circulating current within the components of a parallel L-C circuit at resonance?
What is the magnitude of the current at the input of a parallel R-L-C circuit at resonance?
What is the phase relationship between the current through and the voltage across a series resonant circuit?
What is the phase relationship between the current through and the voltage across a parallel resonant circuit?
What is the half-power bandwidth of a parallel resonant circuit that has a resonant frequency of 1.8 MHz and a Q of 95?
What is the half-power bandwidth of a parallel resonant circuit that has a resonant frequency of 7.1 MHz and a Q of 150?
What is the half-power bandwidth of a parallel resonant circuit that has a resonant frequency of 3.7 MHz and a Q of 118?
What is the half-power bandwidth of a parallel resonant circuit that has a resonant frequency of 14.25 MHz and a Q of 187?
What is the resonant frequency of a series RLC circuit if R is 22 ohms, L is 50 microhenrys and C is 40 picofarads?
What is the resonant frequency of a series RLC circuit if R is 56 ohms, L is 40 microhenrys and C is 200 picofarads?
What is the resonant frequency of a parallel RLC circuit if R is 33 ohms, L is 50 microhenrys and C is 10 picofarads?
What is the resonant frequency of a parallel RLC circuit if R is 47 ohms, L is 25 microhenrys and C is 10 picofarads?
What is the term for the time required for the capacitor in an RC circuit to be charged to 63.2% of the supply voltage?
What is the term for the time it takes for a charged capacitor in an RC circuit to discharge to 36.8% of its initial value of stored charge?
The capacitor in an RC circuit is discharged to what percentage of the starting voltage after two time constants?
What is the time constant of a circuit having two 220-microfarad capacitors and two 1-megohm resistors all in parallel?
How long does it take for an initial charge of 20 V DC to decrease to 7.36 V DC in a 0.01-microfarad capacitor when a 2-megohm resistor is connected across it?
How long does it take for an initial charge of 800 V DC to decrease to 294 V DC in a 450-microfarad capacitor when a 1-megohm resistor is connected across it?
What is the phase angle between the voltage across and the current through a series R-L-C circuit if XC is 500 ohms, R is 1 kilohm, and XL is 250 ohms?
What is the phase angle between the voltage across and the current through a series R-L-C circuit if XC is 100 ohms, R is 100 ohms, and XL is 75 ohms?
What is the relationship between the current through and the voltage across a capacitor?
What is the relationship between the current through an inductor and the voltage across an inductor?
What is the phase angle between the voltage across and the current through a series RLC circuit if XC is 25 ohms, R is 100 ohms, and XL is 50 ohms?
What is the phase angle between the voltage across and the current through a series RLC circuit if XC is 75 ohms, R is 100 ohms, and XL is 50 ohms?
What is the phase angle between the voltage across and the current through a series RLC circuit if XC is 250 ohms, R is 1 kilohm, and XL is 500 ohms?
In polar coordinates, what is the impedance of a network consisting of a 100-ohm-reactance inductor in series with a 100-ohm resistor?
In polar coordinates, what is the impedance of a network consisting of a 100-ohm-reactance inductor, a 100-ohm-reactance capacitor, and a 100-ohm resistor, all connected in series?
In polar coordinates, what is the impedance of a network consisting of a 300-ohm-reactance capacitor, a 600-ohm-reactance inductor, and a 400-ohm resistor, all connected in series?
In polar coordinates, what is the impedance of a network consisting of a 400-ohm-reactance capacitor in series with a 300-ohm resistor?
In polar coordinates, what is the impedance of a network consisting of a 400-ohm-reactance inductor in parallel with a 300-ohm resistor?
In polar coordinates, what is the impedance of a network consisting of a 100-ohm-reactance capacitor in series with a 100-ohm resistor?
In polar coordinates, what is the impedance of a network comprised of a 100-ohm-reactance capacitor in parallel with a 100-ohm resistor?
In polar coordinates, what is the impedance of a network comprised of a 300-ohm-reactance inductor in series with a 400-ohm resistor?
When using rectangular coordinates to graph the impedance of a circuit, what does the horizontal axis represent?
When using rectangular coordinates to graph the impedance of a circuit, what does the vertical axis represent?
What do the two numbers represent that are used to define a point on a graph using rectangular coordinates?
If you plot the impedance of a circuit using the rectangular coordinate system and find the impedance point falls on the right side of the graph on the horizontal line, what do you know about the circuit?
What coordinate system is often used to display the resistive, inductive, and/or capacitive reactance components of an impedance?
What coordinate system is often used to display the phase angle of a circuit containing resistance, inductive and/or capacitive reactance?
In polar coordinates, what is the impedance of a circuit of 100 -j100 ohms impedance?
In polar coordinates, what is the impedance of a circuit that has an admittance of 7.09 millisiemens at 45 degrees?
In rectangular coordinates, what is the impedance of a circuit that has an admittance of 5 millisiemens at -30 degrees?
In polar coordinates, what is the impedance of a series circuit consisting of a resistance of 4 ohms, an inductive reactance of 4 ohms, and a capacitive reactance of 1 ohm?
Which point on Figure E5-2 best represents that impedance of a series circuit consisting of a 400 ohm resistor and a 38 picofarad capacitor at 14 MHz?
Which point in Figure E5-2 best represents the impedance of a series circuit consisting of a 300 ohm resistor and an 18 microhenry inductor at 3.505 MHz?
Which point on Figure E5-2 best represents the impedance of a series circuit consisting of a 300 ohm resistor and a 19 picofarad capacitor at 21.200 MHz?
In rectangular coordinates, what is the impedance of a network comprised of a 10-microhenry inductor in series with a 40-ohm resistor at 500 MHz?
Which point on Figure E5-2 best represents the impedance of a series circuit consisting of a 300-ohm resistor, a 0.64-microhenry inductor and an 85-picofarad capacitor at 24.900 MHz?
What is the result of skin effect?
Why is the resistance of a conductor different for RF currents than for direct currents?
What device is used to store electrical energy in an electrostatic field?
What unit measures electrical energy stored in an electrostatic field?
What is a magnetic field?
In what direction is the magnetic field oriented about a conductor in relation to the direction of electron flow?
What determines the strength of a magnetic field around a conductor?
What is the term for energy that is stored in an electromagnetic or electrostatic field?
What is the term for an out-of-phase, nonproductive power associated with inductors and capacitors?
In a circuit that has both inductors and capacitors, what happens to reactive power?
How can the true power be determined in an AC circuit where the voltage and current are out of phase?
What is the power factor of an R-L circuit having a 60 degree phase angle between the voltage and the current?
How many watts are consumed in a circuit having a power factor of 0.2 if the input is 100-V AC at 4 amperes?
How much power is consumed in a circuit consisting of a 100 ohm resistor in series with a 100 ohm inductive reactance drawing 1 ampere?
What is reactive power?
What is the power factor of an RL circuit having a 45 degree phase angle between the voltage and the current?
What is the power factor of an RL circuit having a 30 degree phase angle between the voltage and the current?
How many watts are consumed in a circuit having a power factor of 0.6 if the input is 200V AC at 5 amperes?
How many watts are consumed in a circuit having a power factor of 0.71 if the apparent power is 500 watts?
In what application is gallium arsenide used as a semiconductor material in preference to germanium or silicon?
What type of semiconductor material contains more free electrons than pure germanium or silicon crystals?
What are the majority charge carriers in P-type semiconductor material?
What is the name given to an impurity atom that adds holes to a semiconductor crystal structure?
What is the alpha of a bipolar junction transistor?
What is meant by the beta of a bipolar junction transistor?
In Figure E6-1, what is the schematic symbol for a PNP transistor?
What term indicates the frequency at which a transistor grounded base current gain has decreased to 0.7 of the gain obtainable at 1 kHz?
What is a depletion-mode FET?
In Figure E6-2, what is the schematic symbol for an N-channel dual-gate MOSFET?
In Figure E6-2, what is the schematic symbol for a P-channel junction FET?
Why do many MOSFET devices have built-in gate-protective Zener diodes?
What do the initials CMOS stand for?
How does DC input impedance at the gate of a field-effect transistor compare with the DC input impedance of a bipolar transistor?
What two elements widely used in semiconductor devices exhibit both metallic and nonmetallic characteristics?
What type of semiconductor material contains fewer free electrons than pure germanium or silicon crystals?
What are the majority charge carriers in N-type semiconductor material?
What are the names of the three terminals of a field-effect transistor?
What is the principal characteristic of a Zener diode?
What is the principal characteristic of a tunnel diode?
What is an important characteristic of a Schottky Barrier diode as compared to an ordinary silicon diode when used as a power supply rectifier?
What special type of diode is capable of both amplification and oscillation?
What type of semiconductor device varies its internal capacitance as the voltage applied to its terminals varies?
In Figure E6-3, what is the schematic symbol for a varactor diode?
What is a common use of a hot-carrier diode?
What limits the maximum forward current rating in a junction diode?
Which of the following describes a type of semiconductor diode?
What is a common use for point contact diodes?
In Figure E6-3, what is the schematic symbol for a light-emitting diode?
How are junction diodes rated?
What is one common use for PIN diodes?
What type of bias is required for an LED to produce luminescence?
What is the recommended power supply voltage for TTL series integrated circuits?
What logic state do the inputs of a TTL device assume if they are left open?
What level of input voltage is a logic "high" in a TTL device operating with a positive 5-volt power supply?
What level of input voltage is a logic "low" in a TTL device operating with a positive 5-volt power-supply?
Which of the following is an advantage of CMOS logic devices over TTL devices?
Why do CMOS digital integrated circuits have high immunity to noise on the input signal or power supply?
In Figure E6-5, what is the schematic symbol for an AND gate?
In Figure E6-5, what is the schematic symbol for a NAND gate?
In Figure E6-5, what is the schematic symbol for an OR gate?
In Figure E6-5, what is the schematic symbol for a NOR gate?
In Figure E6-5, what is the schematic symbol for the NOT operation (inverter)?
How is the electron beam deflected in a vidicon?
What is cathode ray tube (CRT) persistence?
If a cathode ray tube (CRT) is designed to operate with an anode voltage of 25,000 volts, what will happen if the anode voltage is increased to 35,000 volts?
A. The heater voltage
Which of the following is true of a charge-coupled device (CCD)?
What function does a charge-coupled device (CCD) serve in a modern video camera?
What is a liquid-crystal display (LCD)?
What material property determines the inductance of a toroidal inductor with a 10-turn winding?
What is the usable frequency range of inductors that use toroidal cores, assuming a correct selection of core material for the frequency being used?
What is one important reason for using powdered-iron toroids rather than ferrite toroids in an inductor?
What devices are commonly used as VHF and UHF parasitic suppressors at the input and output terminals of transistorized HF amplifiers?
What is a primary advantage of using a toroidal core instead of a solenoidal core in an inductor?
How many turns will be required to produce a 1-mH inductor using a ferrite toroidal core that has an inductance index (A L) value of 523 millihenrys/1000 turns?
How many turns will be required to produce a 5-microhenry inductor using a powdered-iron toroidal core that has an inductance index (A L) value of 40 microhenrys/100 turns?
What type of CRT deflection is better when high-frequency waves are to be displayed on the screen?
Which is NOT true of a charge-coupled device (CCD)?
What is the principle advantage of liquid-crystal display (LCD) devices over other types of display devices?
What is one reason for using ferrite toroids rather than powdered-iron toroids in an inductor?
Which of these filter bandwidths would be a good choice for use in a SSB radiotelephone transmitter?
Which of these filter bandwidths would be a good choice for use with standard double-sideband AM transmissions?
What is a crystal lattice filter?
What technique is used to construct low-cost, high-performance crystal ladder filters?
Which of the following factors has the greatest effect in helping determine the bandwidth and response shape of a crystal ladder filter?
What is one aspect of the piezoelectric effect?
What is the characteristic impedance of circuits in which almost all MMICs are designed to work?
What is the typical noise figure of a monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC) amplifier?
What type of amplifier device consists of a small pill-type package with an input lead, an output lead and 2 ground leads?
What typical construction technique is used when building an amplifier for the microwave bands containing a monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC)?
How is the operating bias voltage normally supplied to the most common type of monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC)?
What supply voltage do monolithic microwave integrated circuits (MMIC) amplifiers typically require?
What is the most common package for inexpensive monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC) amplifiers?
What is photoconductivity?
What happens to the conductivity of a photoconductive material when light shines on it?
What is the most common configuration for an optocoupler?
Which of the following is an optoisolator?
What is an optical shaft encoder?
What characteristic of a crystalline solid will photoconductivity change?
Which material will exhibit the greatest photoconductive effect when illuminated by visible light?
Which material will exhibit the greatest photoconductive effect when illuminated by infrared light?
Which of the following materials is affected the most by photoconductivity?
What characteristic of optoisolators is often used in power supplies?
What characteristic of optoisolators makes them suitable for use with a triac to form the solid-state equivalent of a mechanical relay for a 120 V AC household circuit?
Which of the following types of photovoltaic cell has the highest efficiency?
What is the most common type of photovoltaic cell used for electrical power generation?
B) Which of the following is the approximate open-circuit voltage produced by a fully-illuminated silicon photovoltaic cell?
What absorbs the energy from light falling on a photovoltaic cell?
A. An "AND" gate
How many output level changes are obtained for every two trigger pulses applied to the input of a "T" flip-flop circuit?
Which of the following can divide the frequency of pulse train by 2?
How many flip-flops are required to divide a signal frequency by 4?
Which of the following is a circuit that continuously alternates between two unstable states without an external clock?
What is a characteristic of a monostable multivibrator?
What logical operation does an AND gate perform?
What logical operation does a NAND gate perform?
What logical operation does an OR gate perform?
What logical operation does a NOR gate perform?
What is a truth table?
What is the name for logic which represents a logic "1" as a high voltage?
What is the name for logic which represents a logic "0" as a high voltage?
For what portion of a signal cycle does a Class AB amplifier operate?
Which class of amplifier, of the types shown, provides the highest efficiency?
Where on the load line of a Class A common emitter amplifier would bias normally be set?
What can be done to prevent unwanted oscillations in a power amplifier?
Which of the following amplifier types reduces or eliminates even-order harmonics?
Which of the following is a likely result when a Class C rather than a class AB amplifier is used to amplify a single-sideband phone signal?
How can a vacuum-tube power amplifier be neutralized?
Which of the following describes how the loading and tuning capacitors are to be adjusted when tuning a vacuum tube RF power amplifier that employs a pi-network output circuit?
In Figure E7-1, what is the purpose of R1 and R2?
In Figure E7-1, what is the purpose of R3?
What type of circuit is shown in Figure E7-1?
In Figure E7-2, what is the purpose of R?
In Figure E7-2, what is the purpose of C2?
What is one way to prevent thermal runaway in a transistor amplifier?
What is the effect of intermodulation products in a linear power amplifier?
Why are third-order intermodulation distortion products of particular concern in linear power amplifiers?
Which of the following is a characteristic of a grounded-grid amplifier?
What is a klystron?
What is a parametric amplifier?
Which of the following devices is generally best suited for UHF or microwave power amplifier applications?
How are the capacitors and inductors of a low-pass filter Pi-network arranged between the network's input and output?
A T-network with series capacitors and a parallel (shunt) inductor has which of the following properties?
What advantage does a Pi-L-network have over a Pi-network for impedance matching between the final amplifier of a vacuum-tube type transmitter and an antenna?
How does a network transform a complex impedance to a resistive impedance?
Which filter type is described as having ripple in the passband and a sharp cutoff?
What are the distinguishing features of an elliptical filter?
What kind of audio filter would you use to attenuate an interfering carrier signal while receiving an SSB transmission?
What kind of digital signal processing audio filter might be used to remove unwanted noise from a received SSB signal?
What type of digital signal processing filter might be used in generating an SSB signal?
Which of the following filters would be the best choice for use in a 2-meter repeater duplexer?
Which of the following is the common name for a filter network which is equivalent to two L networks back-to-back?
What is a Pi-L network, as used when matching a vacuum-tube final amplifier to a 50-ohm unbalanced output?
What is one advantage of a Pi matching network over an L matching network?
Which of these modes is most affected by non-linear phase response in a receiver IF filter?
What is one characteristic of a linear electronic voltage regulator?
What is one characteristic of a switching electronic voltage regulator?
What device is typically used as a stable reference voltage in a linear voltage regulator?
Which of the following types of linear regulator makes the most efficient use of the primary power source?
Which of the following types of linear voltage regulator places a constant load on the unregulated voltage source?
What is the purpose of Q1 in the circuit shown in Figure E7-3?
What is the purpose of C2 in the circuit shown in Figure E7-3?
What type of circuit is shown in Figure E7-3?
What is the purpose of C1 in the circuit shown in Figure E7-3?
What is the purpose of C3 in the circuit shown in Figure E7-3?
What is the purpose of R1 in the circuit shown in Figure E7-3?
What is the purpose of R2 in the circuit shown in Figure E7-3?
What is the purpose of D1 in the circuit shown in Figure E7-3?
What is one purpose of a "bleeder" resistor in a conventional (unregulated) power supply?
What is the purpose of a "step-start" circuit in a high-voltage power supply?
When several electrolytic filter capacitors are connected in series to increase the operating voltage of a power supply filter circuit, why should resistors be connected across each capacitor?
What is the primary reason that a high-frequency inverter type high-voltage power supply can be both less expensive and lighter in weight than a conventional power supply?
Which of the following can be used to generate FM-phone emissions?
What is the function of a reactance modulator?
What is the fundamental principle of a phase modulator?
What is one way a single-sideband phone signal can be generated?
What circuit is added to an FM transmitter to proportionally attenuate the lower audio frequencies?
What circuit is added to an FM receiver to restore attenuated lower audio frequencies?
What is one result of the process of mixing two signals?
What are the principal frequencies that appear at the output of a mixer circuit?
What occurs when an excessive amount of signal energy reaches a mixer circuit?
What is the process of detection?
How does a diode detector function?
Which of the following types of detector is well suited for demodulating SSB signals?
What is a frequency discriminator?
Which of the following describes a common means of generating a SSB signal when using digital signal processing?
What is meant by "direct conversion" when referring to a software defined receiver?
What is the purpose of a prescaler circuit?
Which of the following would be used to reduce a signal's frequency by a factor of ten?
What is the function of a decade counter digital IC?
What additional circuitry must be added to a 100-kHz crystal-controlled marker generator so as to provide markers at 50 and 25 kHz?
Which of the following circuits can be combined to produce a 100 kHz fundamental signal with harmonics at 100 kHz intervals?
Which of these choices best describes a crystal marker generator?
Which type of circuit would be a good choice for generating a series of harmonically related receiver calibration signals?
What is one purpose of a marker generator?
What determines the accuracy of a frequency counter?
How does a conventional frequency counter determine the frequency of a signal?
What is the purpose of a frequency counter?
What alternate method of determining frequency, other than by directly counting input pulses, is used by some frequency counters?
What is an advantage of a period-measuring frequency counter over a direct-count type?
What determines the gain and frequency characteristics of an op-amp RC active filter?
What causes ringing in a filter?
What are the advantages of using an op-amp instead of LC elements in an audio filter?
Which of the following capacitor types is best suited for use in high-stability op-amp RC active filter circuits?
How can unwanted ringing and audio instability be prevented in a multi-section op-amp RC audio filter circuit?
What steps are typically followed when selecting the external components for an op-amp RC active filter?
Which of the following is the most appropriate use of an op-amp RC active filter?
(D) Which of the following is a type of active op-amp filter circuit?
What voltage gain can be expected from the circuit in Figure E7-4 when R1 is 10 ohms and RF is 470 ohms?
How does the gain of a theoretically ideal operational amplifier vary with frequency?
What will be the output voltage of the circuit shown in Figure E7-4 if R1 is 1000 ohms, RF is 10,000 ohms, and 0.23 volts is applied to the input?
What voltage gain can be expected from the circuit in Figure E7-4 when R1 is 1800 ohms and RF is 68 kilohms?
What voltage gain can be expected from the circuit in Figure E7-4 when R1 is 3300 ohms and RF is 47 kilohms?
What is an operational amplifier?
What is meant by the term "op-amp input-offset voltage"?
What is the typical input impedance of an integrated circuit op-amp?
What is the typical output impedance of an integrated circuit op-amp?
What are three major oscillator circuits often used in Amateur Radio equipment?
What condition must exist for a circuit to oscillate?
How is positive feedback supplied in a Hartley oscillator?
How is positive feedback supplied in a Colpitts oscillator?
How is positive feedback supplied in a Pierce oscillator?
Which type of oscillator circuits are commonly used in VFOs?
What is a magnetron oscillator?
What is a Gunn diode oscillator?
What type of frequency synthesizer circuit uses a stable voltage-controlled oscillator, programmable divider, phase detector, loop filter and a reference frequency source?
What type of frequency synthesizer circuit uses a phase accumulator, lookup table, digital to analog converter and a low-pass anti-alias filter?
What information is contained in the lookup table of a direct digital frequency synthesizer?
What are the major spectral impurity components of direct digital synthesizers?
Which of these circuits would be classified as a principal component of a direct digital synthesizer (DDS)?
What circuit is often used in conjunction with a direct digital synthesizer (DDS) to expand the available tuning range?
What is the capture range of a phase-locked loop circuit?
What is a phase-locked loop circuit?
Which of these functions can be performed by a phase-locked loop?
Why is a stable reference oscillator normally used as part of a phase locked loop (PLL) frequency synthesizer?
Why is a phase-locked loop often used as part of a variable frequency synthesizer for receivers and transmitters?
What are the major spectral impurity components of phase-locked loop synthesizers?
What type of wave is made up of a sine wave plus all of its odd harmonics?
What type of wave has a rise time significantly faster than its fall time (or vice versa)?
What type of wave is made up of sine waves of a given fundamental frequency plus all its harmonics?
What is the equivalent to the root-mean-square value of an AC voltage?
What would be the most accurate way of measuring the RMS voltage of a complex waveform?
What is the approximate ratio of PEP-to-average power in a typical voice-modulated single-sideband phone signal?
What determines the PEP-to-average power ratio of a single-sideband phone signal?
What is the period of a wave?
What type of waveform is produced by human speech?
Which of the following is a distinguishing characteristic of a pulse waveform?
What is one use for a pulse modulated signal?
What type of information can be conveyed using digital waveforms?
What is an advantage of using digital signals instead of analog signals to convey the same information?
Which of these methods is commonly used to convert analog signals to digital signals?
What would the waveform of a digital data stream signal look like on a conventional oscilloscope?
What is the term for the ratio between the frequency deviation of an RF carrier wave, and the modulating frequency of its corresponding FM-phone signal?
How does the modulation index of a phase-modulated emission vary with RF carrier frequency (the modulated frequency)?
What is the modulation index of an FM-phone signal having a maximum frequency deviation of 3000 Hz either side of the carrier frequency, when the modulating frequency is 1000 Hz?
What is the modulation index of an FM-phone signal having a maximum carrier deviation of plus or minus 6 kHz when modulated with a 2-kHz modulating frequency?
What is the deviation ratio of an FM-phone signal having a maximum frequency swing of plus-or-minus 5 kHz and accepting a maximum modulation rate of 3 kHz?
What is the deviation ratio of an FM-phone signal having a maximum frequency swing of plus or minus 7.5 kHz and accepting a maximum modulation frequency of 3.5 kHz?
When using a pulse-width modulation system, why is the transmitter's peak power greater than its average power?
What parameter does the modulating signal vary in a pulse-position modulation system?
How are the pulses of a pulse-modulated signal usually transmitted?
What is meant by deviation ratio?
Which of these methods can be used to combine several separate analog information streams into a single analog radio frequency signal?
Which of the following describes frequency division multiplexing?
What is time division multiplexing?
Which one of the following digital codes consists of elements having unequal length?
What are some of the differences between the Baudot digital code and ASCII?
What is one advantage of using the ASCII code for data communications?
What is the necessary bandwidth of a 13-WPM international Morse code transmission?
What is the necessary bandwidth of a 170-hertz shift, 300-baud ASCII transmission?
What is the necessary bandwidth of a 4800-Hz frequency shift, 9600-baud ASCII FM transmission?
What term describes a wide-bandwidth communications system in which the transmitted carrier frequency varies according to some predetermined sequence?
Which of these techniques causes a digital signal to appear as wide-band noise to a conventional receiver?
What spread-spectrum communications technique alters the center frequency of a conventional carrier many times per second in accordance with a pseudo-random list of channels?
What spread-spectrum communications technique uses a high speed binary bit stream to shift the phase of an RF carrier?
What makes spread-spectrum communications resistant to interference?
What is the advantage of including a parity bit with an ASCII character stream?
What is one advantage of using JT-65 coding?
What is the easiest voltage amplitude parameter to measure when viewing a pure sine wave signal on an oscilloscope?
What is the relationship between the peak-to-peak voltage and the peak voltage amplitude of a symmetrical waveform?
What input-amplitude parameter is valuable in evaluating the signal-handling capability of a Class A amplifier?
What is the PEP output of a transmitter that has a maximum peak of 30 volts to a 50-ohm load as observed on an oscilloscope?
If an RMS-reading AC voltmeter reads 65 volts on a sinusoidal waveform, what is the peak-to-peak voltage?
What is the advantage of using a peak-reading wattmeter to monitor the output of a SSB phone transmitter?
What is an electromagnetic wave?
Which of the following best describes electromagnetic waves traveling in free space?
What is meant by circularly polarized electromagnetic waves?
What is the polarization of an electromagnetic wave if its magnetic field is parallel to the surface of the Earth?
What is the polarization of an electromagnetic wave if its magnetic field is perpendicular to the surface of the Earth?
At approximately what speed do electromagnetic waves travel in free space?
What type of meter should be used to monitor the output signal of a voice-modulated single-sideband transmitter to ensure you do not exceed the maximum allowable power?
What is the average power dissipated by a 50-ohm resistive load during one complete RF cycle having a peak voltage of 35 volts?
If an RMS reading voltmeter reads 34 volts on a sinusoidal waveform, what is the peak voltage?
Which of the following is a typical value for the peak voltage at a common household electrical outlet?
Which of the following is a typical value for the peak-to-peak voltage at a common household electrical outlet?
Which of the following is a typical value for the RMS voltage at a common household electrical power outlet?
What is the RMS value of a 340-volt peak-to-peak pure sine wave?
Which of the following describes an isotropic Antenna?
How much gain does a 1/2-wavelength dipole have compared to an isotropic antenna?
Which of the following antennas has no gain in any direction?
Why would one need to know the feed point impedance of an antenna?
Which of the following factors determine the radiation resistance of an antenna?
What is the term for the ratio of the radiation resistance of an antenna to the total resistance of the system?
What is included in the total resistance of an antenna system?
What is a folded dipole antenna?
What is meant by antenna gain?
What is meant by antenna bandwidth?
How is antenna efficiency calculated?
How can the efficiency of an HF quarter-wave grounded vertical antenna be improved?
Which is the most important factor that determines ground losses for a ground-mounted vertical antenna operating in the 3-30 MHz range?
How much gain does an antenna have over a 1/2-wavelength dipole when it has 6 dB gain over an isotropic antenna?
How much gain does an antenna have over a 1/2-wavelength dipole when it has 12 dB gain over an isotropic antenna?
What is meant by the radiation resistance of an antenna?
What determines the free-space polarization of an antenna?
In the antenna radiation pattern shown in Figure E9-1, what is the 3-dB beamwidth?
In the antenna radiation pattern shown in Figure E9-1, what is the front-to-back ratio?
In the antenna radiation pattern shown in Figure E9-1, what is the front-to-side ratio?
What may occur when a directional antenna is operated at different frequencies within the band for which it was designed?
What usually occurs if a Yagi antenna is designed solely for maximum forward gain?
If the boom of a Yagi antenna is lengthened and the elements are properly retuned, what usually occurs?
How does the total amount of radiation emitted by a directional (gain) antenna compare with the total amount of radiation emitted from an isotropic antenna, assuming each is driven by the same amount of power?
How can the approximate beamwidth of a directional antenna be determined?
What type of computer program technique is commonly used for modeling antennas?
What is the principle of a Method of Moments analysis?
What is a disadvantage of decreasing the number of wire segments in an antenna model below the guideline of 10 segments per half-wavelength?
Which of the following is a disadvantage of NEC-based antenna modeling programs?
What does the abbreviation NEC stand for when applied to antenna modeling programs?
What type of information can be obtained by submitting the details of a proposed new antenna to a modeling program?
What is the radiation pattern of two 1/4-wavelength vertical antennas spaced 1/2-wavelength apart and fed 180 degrees out of phase?
What is the radiation pattern of two 1/4-wavelength vertical antennas spaced 1/4-wavelength apart and fed 90 degrees out of phase?
What is the radiation pattern of two 1/4-wavelength vertical antennas spaced 1/2-wavelength apart and fed in phase?
Which of the following describes a basic rhombic antenna?
What are the main advantages of a terminated rhombic antenna?
What are the disadvantages of a terminated rhombic antenna for the HF bands?
What is the effect of a terminating resistor on a rhombic antenna?
What type of antenna pattern over real ground is shown in Figure E9-2?
What is the elevation angle of peak response in the antenna radiation pattern shown in Figure E9-2?
What is the front-to-back ratio of the radiation pattern shown in Figure E9-2?
How many elevation lobes appear in the forward direction of the antenna radiation pattern shown in Figure E9-2?
How is the far-field elevation pattern of a vertically polarized antenna affected by being mounted over seawater versus rocky ground?
When constructing a Beverage antenna, which of the following factors should be included in the design to achieve good performance at the desired frequency?
How would the electric field be oriented for a Yagi with three elements mounted parallel to the ground?
What strongly affects the shape of the far-field, low-angle elevation pattern of a vertically polarized antenna?
What is the main effect of placing a vertical antenna over an imperfect ground?
How does the gain of a parabolic dish antenna change when the operating frequency is doubled?
What is one way to produce circular polarization when using linearly polarized antennas?
How does the beamwidth of an antenna vary as the gain is increased?
Why is it desirable for a ground-mounted satellite communications antenna system to be able to move in both azimuth and elevation?
For a shortened vertical antenna, where should a loading coil be placed to minimize losses and produce the most effective performance?
Why should an HF mobile antenna loading coil have a high ratio of reactance to resistance?
What is a disadvantage of using a multiband trapped antenna?
What happens to the bandwidth of an antenna as it is shortened through the use of loading coils?
What is an advantage of using top loading in a shortened HF vertical antenna?
What is the approximate feed-point impedance at the center of a folded dipole antenna?
Why is a loading coil often used with an HF mobile antenna?
What is an advantage of using a trapped antenna?
What happens at the base feed-point of a fixed-length HF mobile antenna as the frequency of operation is lowered?
Which of the following types of conductor would be best for minimizing losses in a station's RF ground system?
Which of these choices would provide the best RF ground for your station?
What is the name of an antenna matching system that matches an unbalanced feed line to an antenna by feeding the driven element both at the center of the element and at a fraction of a wavelength to one side of center?
What is the name of the matching system that uses a short perpendicular section of transmission line connected to the feed line near the antenna?
What is the purpose of the series capacitor in a gamma-type antenna matching network?
How must the driven element in a 3-element Yagi be tuned to use a hairpin matching system?
What is the equivalent lumped-constant network for a hairpin matching system on a 3-element Yagi?
What parameter best describes the interactions at the load end of a mismatched transmission line?
Which of the following measurements describes a mismatched transmission line?
Which of these matching systems is an effective method of connecting a 50-ohm coaxial cable feed-line to a grounded tower so it can be used as a vertical antenna?
Which of these choices is an effective way to match an antenna with a 100-ohm terminal impedance to a 50-ohm coaxial cable feed-line?
What is an effective way of matching a feed-line to a VHF or UHF antenna when the impedances of both the antenna and feed-line are unknown?
What is the primary purpose of a "phasing line" when used with an antenna having multiple driven elements?
What is the purpose of a "Wilkinson divider"?
What is the velocity factor of a transmission line?
What determines the velocity factor in a transmission line?
Why is the physical length of a coaxial cable transmission line shorter than its electrical length?
What is the typical velocity factor for a coaxial cable with solid polyethylene dielectric?
What is the physical length of a coaxial transmission line that is electrically one-quarter wavelength long at 14.1 MHz? (Assume a velocity factor of 0.66.)
What is the physical length of a parallel conductor feed line that is electrically one-half wavelength long at 14.10 MHz? (Assume a velocity factor of 0.95.)
What characteristic will 450-ohm ladder line have at 50 MHz, as compared to 0.195-inch-diameter coaxial cable (such as RG-58)?
What is the term for the ratio of the actual speed at which a signal travels through a transmission line to the speed of light in a vacuum?
What would be the physical length of a typical coaxial transmission line that is electrically one-quarter wavelength long at 7.2 MHz? (Assume a velocity factor of 0.66)
What kind of impedance does a 1/8-wavelength transmission line present to a generator when the line is shorted at the far end?
What kind of impedance does a 1/8-wavelength transmission line present to a generator when the line is open at the far end?
What kind of impedance does a 1/4-wavelength transmission line present to a generator when the line is open at the far end?
What kind of impedance does a 1/4-wavelength transmission line present to a generator when the line is shorted at the far end?
What kind of impedance does a 1/2-wavelength transmission line present to a generator when the line is shorted at the far end?
What kind of impedance does a 1/2-wavelength transmission line present to a generator when the line is open at the far end?
What is the primary difference between foam-dielectric coaxial cable as opposed to solid-dielectric cable, assuming all other parameters are the same?
Which of the following can be calculated using a Smith chart?
What type of coordinate system is used in a Smith chart?
Which of the following is often determined using a Smith chart?
What are the two families of circles and arcs that make up a Smith chart?
What type of chart is shown in Figure E9-3?
On the Smith chart shown in Figure E9-3, what is the name for the large outer circle on which the reactance arcs terminate?
On the Smith chart shown in Figure E9-3, what is the only straight line shown?
What is the process of normalization with regard to a Smith chart?
What third family of circles is often added to a Smith chart during the process of solving problems?
What do the arcs on a Smith chart represent?
How are the wavelength scales on a Smith chart calibrated?
What is the effective radiated power of a repeater station with 150 watts transmitter power output, 2-dB feed line loss, 2.2-dB duplexer loss and 7-dBd antenna gain?
What is the effective radiated power of a repeater station with 200 watts transmitter power output, 4-dB feed line loss, 3.2-dB duplexer loss, 0.8-dB circulator loss and 10-dBd antenna gain?
What is the effective radiated power of a repeater station with 200 watts transmitter power output, 2-dB feed line loss, 2.8-dB duplexer loss, 1.2-dB circulator loss and 7-dBd antenna gain?
What term describes station output (including the transmitter, antenna and everything in between), when considering transmitter power and system gains and losses?
What is the main drawback of a wire-loop antenna for direction finding?
What is the triangulation method of direction finding?
Why is an RF attenuator desirable in a receiver used for direction finding?
What is the function of a sense antenna?
What is a receiving loop antenna?
How can the output voltage of a receiving loop antenna be increased?
Why is an antenna with a cardioid pattern desirable for a direction-finding system?
What is an advantage of using a shielded loop antenna for direction finding?
What, if any, are the differences between the radiation produced by radioactive materials and the electromagnetic energy radiated by an antenna?
When evaluating exposure levels from your station at a neighbor's home, what must you do?
Which of the following would be a practical way to estimate whether the RF fields produced by an amateur radio station are within permissible MPE limits?
When evaluating a site with multiple transmitters operating at the same time, the operators and licensees of which transmitters are responsible for mitigating over-exposure situations?
What is one of the potential hazards of using microwaves in the amateur radio bands?
Why are there separate electric (E) and magnetic (H) field MPE limits?
What is the "far-field" zone of an antenna?
What does SAR measure?
Which insulating material commonly used as a thermal conductor for some types of electronic devices is extremely toxic if broken or crushed and the particles are accidentally inhaled?
What material found in some electronic components such as high-voltage capacitors and transformers is considered toxic?
Which of these items might be a significant hazard when operating a klystron or cavity magnetron transmitter?